Checking slow queries and processes MySQL

This article talks about a couple of common MySQL issues (Slow queries, Processes taking too long) that can adversely affect a merchant's site and the solutions they indicate.

Checking MySQL "slow queries"

Description

If you had an outage that was potentially caused by an overloaded database, these steps will help you check the slow queries log of your database.

Analyze queries using MySQL command line (Adobe Commerce Cloud/on-premises/Magento Open Source)

1. Log in to your MySQL command line (Adobe Commerce on-premises/Magento Open Source) or on your cloud server from the command line (Adobe Commerce on cloud infrastructure).

2. Examine the slow query log for queries longer than 50 seconds:

   grep 'Query_time: [5-9][0-9]\|Query_time: [0-9][0-9][0-9]' /var/log/mysql/mysql-slow.log -A 3
   

3. Go to https://www.unixtimestamp.com/ (or a similar Unix Timestamp Converter) and insert the timestamp of when the slow query was executed.

4. If the time correlates with any site outage that you experienced, it could be caused by an overloaded database. Check to see what loads were on the database at that time. Examples of such loads could be:

• Cron processes
• Traffic (bots or people)
• Import/Export scripts
• Creating dumps

Analyze queries using the [!DNL Percona Toolkit] (Adobe Commerce Pro: Cloud architecture only)

If your Adobe Commerce project is deployed on Pro architecture, you can use the [!DNL Percona Toolkit] to analyze queries.

1. Run the pt-query-digest --type=slowlog command against MySQL slow query logs.
   • To find the location of the slow query logs, see [!UICONTROL Log locations > Service Logs] in our developer documentation.
   • See the [!DNL Percona Toolkit] > pt-query-digest documentation.
2. Based on the issues found, take steps to fix the query, so it runs more quickly.

Checking MySQL "process list"

Description

This will help to identify if the MySQL server is alive and that there are no stuck queries.

Steps

1. Log in to your MySQL command line (Adobe Commerce on-premises/Magento Open Source) or on your cloud server from the command line (Adobe Commerce on cloud infrastructure).

2. Log in to MySQL using the block of code below. This will automate the process of logging in.

   `export DB_NAME=$(grep [\']db[\'] -A 20 app/etc/env.php | grep dbname | head -n1 | sed "s/.*[=][>][ ]*[']//" | sed "s/['][,]//");    export MYSQL_HOST=$(grep [\']db[\'] -A 20 app/etc/env.php | grep host | head -n1 | sed "s/.*[=][>][ ]*[']//" | sed "s/['][,]//");    export DB_USER=$(grep [\']db[\'] -A 20 app/etc/env.php | grep username | head -n1 | sed "s/.*[=][>][ ]*[']//" | sed "s/['][,]//");    export MYSQL_PWD=$(grep [\']db[\'] -A 20 app/etc/env.php | grep password | head -n1 | sed "s/.*[=][>][ ]*[']//" | sed "s/[']$//" | sed "s/['][,]//");    mysql -h $MYSQL_HOST -u $DB_USER --password=$MYSQL_PWD $DB_NAME -U -A -e 'show processlist;`
   

3. If you get an error back or it takes more than 30 sec to respond, you should contact Support to check the MySQL server.

4. Looking at sample output.

5. Here is some sample output:

   `$ mysql -h $MYSQL_HOST -u $DB_USER --password=$MYSQL_PWD $DB_NAME -U -A -e 'show processlist;'    +-----------+---------------+--------------------+---------------+---------+------+----------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+    | Id        | User          | Host               | db            | Command | Time | State          | Info                                                                                                 | Progress |    +-----------+---------------+--------------------+---------------+---------+------+----------------+------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+----------+    | 123456789 | abcdefghijklm | 192.168.7.10:12345 | abcdefghijklm | Query   |    0 | Writing to net | SELECT `magento_versionscms_hierarchy_node`.*, `page_table`.`title` AS `page_title`, `page_table`.`i |    0.000 |    | 123456788 | abcdefghijklm | 192.168.7.10:12344 | abcdefghijklm | Sleep   |    0 |                | NULL                                                                                                 |    0.000 |    | 123456777 | abcdefghijklm | 192.168.7.10:12333 | abcdefghijklm | Sleep   |    0 |                | NULL                                                                                                 |    0.000 |    | 123456666 | abcdefghijklm | 192.168.5.8:12222  | abcdefghijklm | Sleep   |    0 |                | NULL                                                                                                 |    0.000 |`
   

6. Check the "Time" column for any time greater than 1800 seconds; that indicates a process that is potentially taking too much time to complete. Note the status of the processes in the "State" column.

7. Review the queries and possibly kill them if they are found not to be expected to run for that length of time. It is possible that the long running queries may be expected.

Related reading

• MySQL Show Processlist Syntax in dev.mysql.com.
• MySQL Kill Syntax in dev.mysql.com.
• Security, Performance, and Data Handling in our developer documentation.
• MySQL Help in our developer documentation.